Camilla Hardeland

• Jamtli, Bjørn; Hov, Maren Ranhoff; Jørgensen, Trine Møgster; Kramer-Johansen, Jo; Ihle-Hansen, Hege Beate & Sandset, Else Charlotte [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Telephone triage and dispatch of ambulances to patients with suspected and verified acute stroke - a descriptive study. BMC Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1471-227X. 24(1). doi: 10.1186/s12873-024-00962-7.
• Guterud, Mona; Hardeland, Camilla; Bugge, Helge Fagerheim; Sandset, Else Charlotte; Svendsen, Edel Jannecke & Hov, Maren Ranhoff (2024). Experiences from a cluster-randomized trial (ParaNASPP) exploring triage and diagnostic accuracy in paramedic-suspected stroke: a qualitative interview study. European Journal of Neurology. ISSN 1351-5101. doi: 10.1111/ene.16252.
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Hardeland, Camilla; Hallgren, Jenny; Femdal, Ingrid; Thapa, Dip Raj & Helgesen, Ann Karin [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2023). Nursing students’ attitudes towards the use of digital technology in the healthcare of older people- a cross-sectional study in Norway and Sweden. BMC Nursing. ISSN 1472-6955. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12912-023-01600-6.
• Svendsen, Edel Jannecke; Opheim, Randi; Hermansen, Bjørg Elisabeth & Hardeland, Camilla (2023). Ad hoc digital communication and assessment during clinical placements in nursing education; a qualitative research study of students', clinical instructors', and teachers' experiences. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 18(7), p. 1–14. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287438.
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Bååth, Carina Barbro; Helgesen, Ann Karin; Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen & Hardeland, Camilla (2023). Person-Centeredness in Digital Primary Healthcare Services—A Scoping Review. Healthcare. ISSN 2227-9032. 11(9). doi: 10.3390/healthcare11091296.
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Hardeland, Camilla; Helgesen, Ann Karin; Bååth, Carina Barbro; Del Busso, Lilliana Andrea & Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen (2023). The Use of Robotic Technology in the Healthcare of People above the Age of 65—A Systematic Review. Healthcare. ISSN 2227-9032. 11(6). doi: 10.3390/healthcare11060904.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Svendsen, Edel Jannecke; Heitmann, Grethe Berger & Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist (2023). Healthcare personnel self-assessed competence and knowledge following implementation of a new guideline on maternal resuscitation in Norway. A repeated measures study. Health Science Reports. ISSN 2398-8835. 6(1), p. 1–10. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1035.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Isern, Cecilie Benedicte & Berge, Hilde Moseby (2022). The aftermath of surviving a sudden cardiac arrest for young exercisers- a qualitative study in Norway. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 22(1), p. 1–9. doi: 10.1186/s12913-022-08674-z. Full text in Research Archive
• Hardeland, Camilla; Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Isern, Cecilie Benedicte & Berge, Hilde Moseby (2022). Experiences of cardiac arrest survivors among young exercisers in Norway: A qualitative study. Resuscitation Plus. ISSN 2666-5204. 11. doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2022.100293. Full text in Research Archive
• Fremstad, Kjell Otto; Lindenskov, Paal Helge H.; Ihle-Hansen, Hege; Jamtli, Bjørn; Kramer-Johansen, Jo & Hardeland, Camilla [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Veien inn til sykehus for pasienter innlagt ved mistanke om akutt hjerneslag. Sykepleien Forskning. ISSN 1890-2936. 17. doi: 10.4220/Sykepleienf.2022.89354. Full text in Research Archive
• Hardeland, Camilla; Claesson, Andreas; Blom, Marieke T; Blomberg, Stig Nikolaj Fasmer; Folke, Fredrik & Hollenberg, Jacob [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Description of call handling in emergency medical dispatch centres in Scandinavia: recognition of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and dispatcher-assisted CPR. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine. ISSN 1757-7241. doi: 10.1186/s13049-021-00903-4. Full text in Research Archive
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Hardeland, Camilla; Helgesen, Ann Karin & Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen (2020). Patient experiences with technology enabled care across healthcare settings- a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 20. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05633-4. Full text in Research Archive
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Svendsen, Edel Jannecke; Heitmann, Grethe Berger; Dhayyat, Adam; Morris, Ann & Sjøborg, Katrine Dønvold [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess Healthcare personnel competence in cardiac arrest and resuscitation in pregnancy . PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 15(5). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232984. Full text in Research Archive
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Ramsdal, Helge Normann; Olasveengen, Theresa M.; Steen-Hansen, Jon Erik; Westmark, Fredrik & Hansen, Andreas [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Exploring individual and work organizational peculiarities of working in emergency medical communication centers in Norway- a qualitative study. BMC Health Services Research. ISSN 1472-6963. 19. doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4370-0. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Emergency Medical call-takers working in Emergency Medical Communication Centers (EMCCs) are addressing complex and potentially life threatening problems. The call-takers have to make fast decisions, responding to problems described in phone calls. Recent studies focus mainly on individual aspects of call-takers’ work. The objectives of this study were to explore 1) What characterizes individual work performance of call takers in EMCCs? and 2) What characterizes work organizational factors call takers see as most relevant to the performance of their work? The research is based upon in-depth interviews with call takers at three EMCCs in Norway (n = 19). Interviews were performed during the period May 2013 to September 2014. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Two main themes that related to individual work performance and to work organizational factors in EMCCs were identified, namely: 1) “Core technologies” and 2) “Environmental issues” . The theme “Core technologies” included the subthemes a) multiple tasks, b) critical incidents, and c) unpredictability. The theme “Environmental issues” included the subthemes a) lack of support, b) lack of resources, c) exposure to complaints, and d) an invisible service. At the individual level, multiple tasks, how to cope with critical incidents, and the unpredictability of daily work when calls are received, make the work of call takers both stressful and challenging. The individual call taker’s ability to interprete the situation by intuition and experience when calls are received, is the main factor behind the peculiarities working in the centers at the individual level. At the organizational level, the lack of resources and managerial support seems to provoke concerns about the quality of services rendered by the centers. These aspects should be taken into account in the managing of these services, making them a more integrated part of the health service system.

• Hardeland, Camilla; Skaare, Christiane; Kramer-Johansen, Jo; Birkenes, Tonje Søraas; Myklebust, Helge & Hansen, Andreas [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). Targeted simulation and education to improve cardiac arrest recognition and telephone assisted CPR in an emergency medical communication centre. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. 114, p. 21–26. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2017.02.013.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Sunde, Kjetil; Ramsdal, Helge Normann; Hebbert, Susan R.; Soilammi, Linda Christina & Westmark, Fredrik [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2016). Factors impacting upon timely and adequate allocation of prehospital medical assistance and resources to cardiac arrest patients. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. 109, p. 56–63. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2016.09.027. Show summary

  Aim Explore, understand and address issues that impact upon timely and adequate allocation of prehospital medical assistance and resources to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. Methods Mixed-methods design obtaining data for one year in three emergency medical communication centres (EMCC); Oslo-Akershus (OA), Vestfold-Telemark (VT) and Østfold (Ø). Data collection included quantitative data from analysis of dispatch logs, ambulance records and audio files. Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews and non-participant observations. Results OA-, VT- and Ø-EMCC responded to 1095 OHCAs and 579 of these calls were included for further analysis (333, 143 and 103, respectively). There were significant site differences in their recognition of OHCA (89, 94 and 78%, respectively, p < 0.001), provision of CPR instructions (83, 83 and 61%, respectively, p < 0.001), time from call answered to initial CPR instructions (1.4 min (1.2, 1.6), 1.1 min (0,9, 1.2) and 1.3 (1.2, 1.7) respectively, p = 0.002). The most frequent reason for delayed or failed recognition of OHCA was misinterpretation of agonal breathing. Interviews and observations revealed individual differences in protocol use, interrogation strategy and assessment of breathing. Use of protocol was only part of decision making, dispatchers trusted their own clinical experience and intuition, and used assumptions about the patient and the situation as part of decision making. Conclusion Agonal breathing continues to be the main barrier to recognition of cardiac arrest. Individual differences among dispatchers’ strategies can directly impact on performance, mainly due to the wide definition of cardiac arrest and lack of uniform tools for assessment of breathing.

• Birkenes, Tonje Søraas; Myklebust, Helge; Hardeland, Camilla; Kramer-Johansen, Jo; Hock Ong, Marcus Eng & Shin, Sang Do [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). HOW to train for telephone-CPR. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care. ISSN 2210-8440. 5(5), p. 124–129. doi: 10.1016/j.tacc.2015.07.003.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Olasveengen, Theresa M.; Lawrence, Rob; Garrison, Danny; Lorem, Tonje & Farstad, Gunnar [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2014). Comparison of Medical Priority Dispatch (MPD) and Criteria Based Dispatch (CBD) relating to cardiac arrest calls. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. 85(5), p. 612–616. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2014.01.029. Show summary

  Background: Prompt emergency medical service (EMS) system activation with rapid delivery of prehospital treatment is essential for patients suffering out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The two most commonly used dispatch tools are Medical Priority Dispatch (MPD) and Criteria Based Dispatch (CBD). We compared cardiac arrest call processing using these two dispatch tools in two different dispatch centres. Methods: Observational study of adult EMS confirmed (non-EMS witnessed) OHCA calls during one year in Richmond, USA (MPD) and Oslo, Norway (CBD). Patients receiving CPR prior to call, interrupted calls or calls where the caller did not have access to the patients were excluded from analysis. Dispatch logs, ambulance records and digitalized dispatcher and caller voice recordings were compared. Results: The MPDS-site processed 182 cardiac arrest calls and the CBD-site 232, of which 100 and 140 calls met the inclusion criteria, respectively. The recognition of cardiac arrest was not different in the MPD and CBD systems; 82% vs. 77% (p = 0.42), and pre-EMS arrival CPR instructions were offered to 81% vs. 74% (p = 0.22) of callers, respectively. Time to ambulance dispatch was median (95% confidence interval) 15 (13, 17) vs. 33 (29, 36) seconds (p < 0.001) and time to chest compression delivery; 4.3 (3.7, 4.9) vs. 3.7 (3.0, 4.1) min for the MPD and CBD systems, respectively (p = 0.05). Conclusion: Pre-arrival CPR instructions were offered faster and more frequently in the CBD system, but in both systems chest compressions were delayed 3–4 min. Earlier recognition of cardiac arrest and improved CPR instructions may facilitate earlier lay rescuer CPR.

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• Guterud, Mona; Bugge, Helge Fagerheim; Sandset, Else Charlotte; Hardeland, Camilla; Svendsen, Edel Jannecke & Hov, Maren Ranhoff (2023). BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN PRE-AND IN-HOSPITAL SERVICES IN THE STROKE CARE PATHWAY DURING A CLUSTER RANDOMISED TRIAL: A QUALITATVE THEMATIC ANALYSIS. European Stroke Journal. ISSN 2396-9873. 8(2), p. 424–425. doi: 10.1177/2396987323116966.
• Kristiansen, Nina & Hardeland, Camilla (2022). Hvor nyttig er egentlig helseforskning? [Internet]. Forskning.no.
• Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen; Del Busso, Lilliana Andrea; Hardeland, Camilla; Løkkeberg, Stine Eileen Torp; Bååth, Carina Barbro & Femdal, Ingrid [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). MoU og samarbeid mellom Høgskolen i Østfold og Högskolan i Skövde. [Internet]. Högskolan i Skövdes nettside.
• Halstensen, Thor-David; Ghanima, Waleed; Tavoly, Mazdak; Hardeland, Camilla & Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen (2022). Forbedre beslutningsstøtteverktøy. Dyp venetrombose.
• Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Hardeland, Camilla; Helgesen, Ann Karin & Grøndahl, Vigdis Abrahamsen (2021). Hva synes pasientene om helseteknologien? Sykepleien. ISSN 0802-9768. doi: 10.4220/Sykepleiens.2021.83172.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2019). Dead patients breathing? Presence of agonal breathing in cardiac arrest.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2019). Telefon-HLR. AMK’s håndtering av hjertestans utenfor sykehus. .
• Hardeland, Camilla; Claesson, Andreas; Blomberg, Stig Nikolaj Fasmer; Folke, Fredrik; Hollenberg, Jacob & Kramer-Johansen, Jo [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2019). Differences in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest emergency dispatch recognition and dispatcher assisted cpr instructions – a Scandinavian multicentre study. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572.
• Svendsen, Edel Jannecke; Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist; Heitmann, Grethe; Dhayyat, Adam; Morris, Ann & Sjøborg, Kathrine [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Health care providers self-assessed competence about cardiac arrest in pregnancy. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.06.163.
• Olasveengen, Theresa M. & Hardeland, Camilla (2019). Man vs. machine? The future of emergency medical dispatching. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. 138, p. 304–305. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2019.03.005.
• Ekman, Stina; Fladeby, Nina; Johansen, Ingunn; Hardeland, Camilla & Leonardsen, Ann-Chatrin Linqvist (2019). Hvordan kan sykepleierstudenter få det bedre i praksis? Tidsskriftet sykepleien. ISSN 0806-7511. doi: 10.4220/Sykepleiens.2019.74902.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2018). Hjertestansbehandling i AMK.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2018). When time counts - Emergency Medical Dispatch.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2018). Forskning på AMK - en oppsummering.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2018). Hjertestans: Selv om pasienten puster, kan du starte hjerte-lungeredning! Forskning.no. ISSN 1891-635X.
• Tjelmeland, Ingvild; Hardeland, Camilla; Mydske-Earl, Kristine; Bakkelund, Karin Elvenes; Johnsen, Knut Roar & Skogvoll, Eirik [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). How to find all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) that fill the inclusion criteria in the Norwegian cardiac arrest registry. Resuscitation. ISSN 0300-9572. 130, p. e17–e17. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2018.07.340.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Soilammi, Linda Christina; Skaare, Christiane; Kramer-Johansen, Jo; Birkenes, Tonje & Myklebust, Helge [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2015). Targeted Simulation and Education to Improve Cardiac Arrest Recognition and Telephone Cpr in an Emergency Medical Dispatch Centre. Circulation. ISSN 0009-7322. 132.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Soilammi, Linda Christina; Hansen, Andreas Ernst & Olasveengen, Theresa Mariero (2014). Delayed Recognition of Cardiac Arrest in Emergency Medical Dispatch - Best Source of Key Information for System Improvement? Circulation. ISSN 0009-7322. 130.
• Hardeland, Camilla; Olasveengen, Theresa Mariero; Lawrence, Rob; Garrison, Danny; Lorem, Tonje & Farstad, Gunnar [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2013). Comparison of Medical Priority Dispatch (MPD) and Criteria Based Dispatch (CBD) when Processing Cardiac Arrest Calls. Circulation. ISSN 0009-7322. 128.
• Hardeland, Camilla (2017). When time counts: Emergency medical dispatch. Exploring, understanding and addressing issues that impact upon timely and adequate allocation of prehospital medical assistance and resources to cardiac arrest patients. Universitetet i Oslo. ISSN 978-82-8377-070-4.

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